Pre-production is the first phase of filmmaking, where the project is planned and prepared before shooting begins. The more complicated the shoot, the more resources required to ensure everything is ready to go by the first day of filming. Pre-production includes: developing the script, casting subjects, hiring crew, scouting locations, creating vision boards and shot lists, designing sets, and much more.

During pre-production, the director and producer/s work closely with the cinematographer and production designer to establish the overall look of the film. The goal of pre-production is to create a end-to-end framework for the rest of production to run smoothly.

Production is usually the shortest phase, even though it demands the most resources.

From staffing appropriate crew to managing finances, days can be long and budgets often hang on the thread of minutes during filming.

Production can last as long or short as the script demands.

A small film crew can include a director/producer, cinematographer, sound recorder, gaffer and production assistant/s. Medium sized crews can exceed a dozen members on set.

Often times, a smaller crew will return to film pickups in order to help fill in gaps in the storyline during editing.

After filming is complete, the producer/s, director and editor/s collaborate on the beginning stages of editing. First, footage is backed up, organized, assembled and trimmed to fit the general storyline.

Once the final story is agreed upon and all footage is in its’ “final place” frame lock is achieved.

Once frame lock is achieved, visual effects, sound design, music, coloring and more can get begin working toward a final product.

Lastly, a final cut of the film will be encoded and prepared for online distribution, broadcast television, movie theatre viewing and DVD production.

Distribution is the final stage in a project for producers looking to make a return-on-investment from their documentary film. Revenue streams can be generated by cinema screenings and distribution, airtime on TV networks and streaming platforms, DVD sales and much more.

Nevertheless, a hefty marketing effort will be in place to help ensure the film’s overall success. The options to view documentary content today are anything but limited: so producers market the film to ensure the best and largest possible audience.